What are AHAs?
Alpha-Hydroxy Acids.
Naturally occurring in sugarcane (glycolic acid), milk (lactic acid) and fruit (citric acid).
These exfoliants are categorized as mild on the skin, best known for smoothing, softening, and reducing the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and pigmentation, with consistent use.
What are BHAs?
Beta-Hydroxy Acids
Naturally occurring in the bark of white willow plants and wintergreen leaves (salicylic acid).
These exfoliants, though salicylic acid is almost always the one BHA in question, are categorized as mild on the skin when used sparingly and in small concentration. They can refine rough or textured skin and remove bacteria sitting in the skin's pores.
What are PHAs?
Poly-Hydroxy Acids
Naturally occurring in honey, fruit, and fermented products like wine or kombucha (gluconolactone).
These exfoliants are categorized as exceptionally gentle on the skin, though often overshadowed by their more popular counterparts, in AHAs and BHAs. These should be your go-to for evening tone, maintaining skin hydration, and reinforcing skin barrier strength.
The difference between AHAs, BHAs, and PHAs:
Let's go deeper. Our specialty, talking about ingredients at the molecular level.
AHAs and PHAs are water soluble acids, which means they work on the skin's surface only. BHAs are oil-soluble, giving them the ability to get to work on and under the skin's surface, cleaning out clogged pores.
AHAs are the smallest molecule in size and weight, followed by BHAs, and then PHAs. This order dictates how quickly and effectively each ingredient is able to sink into the skin and release its active component. Hence why PHAs are considered the most gentle exfoliating option of the three.